大学生疯狂高潮呻吟免费视频,成人特级毛片全部免费播放,精品一卡二卡三卡四卡兔,国产美女被遭强高潮白浆

EUIPO: Trade Secrets More Popular than Patents

October 21, 2017

July 13, the EU Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) issued a report entitled "Protecting Innovation Through Trade Secrets and Patents: Determinants for EU Companies’ Success". The study found that in most EU member states, trade secrets are getting more popular than patents, especially for large companies.

 

The survey showed that 52.3% of the surveyed companies use trade secrets, only 31.7% of companies use patents. Among large companies, 69.1% use trade secrets, 52.8% use patents. Among small and medium enterprises, 51.2% use trade secrets, 30.4% use patents. The most important figure is that trade secrets are particularly popular in Finland, with 78.1% of companies using trade secrets, and only 33.2% of companies owning patents. Trade secrets are also popular in Germany, with 74.1% of companies using trade secrets and 47.8% of companies using patents.

 

The survey also found that trade secrets are more likely to be applied to method innovation and service innovation. If an innovation involves a tangible product rather than a service, patent is more likely to be applied.

 

Focusing on companies’ preference for patent or trade secret and the factors that influence the choice of protection strategies, this study emphasizes the complementary effects of these two methods of protection. The study also aims to provide policy makers with basic guidance to further develop the trade secret framework.

 

In 2016, the Trade Secrets Directive, which was designed to standardize trade secrets, was implemented.

 

Keywords

四平市| 武陟县| 鄂州市| 西充县| 靖远县| 麦盖提县| 南召县| 台东县| 阿拉尔市| 阜新| 高邑县| 开鲁县| 永顺县| 清苑县| 太原市| 滦南县| 梁河县| 杨浦区| 聂荣县| 凌海市| 拉孜县| 稻城县| 武乡县| 电白县| 宜宾县| 沙雅县| 密山市| 崇左市| 个旧市| 中超| 晋州市| 特克斯县| 阿城市| 武城县| 封开县| 朝阳区| 乐昌市| 吐鲁番市| 鄂托克旗| 岑溪市| 佳木斯市|